HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARABIC IN THE ISLAMIC WORLD

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe the History of the Development of Arabic in the Islamic World based on historical aspects, phonology and grammar, dialects and standard languages, the significance of religion to Arabic, and cultural influences. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative using a library research approach. The results of this study are: (a) The history of Arabic cannot be separated from the context of pre-Islamic Arabic (Jahili Arabic) where the word "Arab" in pre-Islamic times meant a nation living in the Arabian peninsula. (b) Phonology and Grammar: Arabic has a unique grammatical structure, it is able to express a problem very clearly and with very economical words, the formation of phrases, sentences and words is very careful. (c) Arabic dialects can be understood based on fundamental differences between dialects, religious adherents, and geographical locations. (d) Arabic has a close relationship to religion, especially Islam. (e) Arab society has a culture in the development of language and literature, especially poetry. In addition, they also have expertise in the field of trade. The findings of this study contribute to strengthening the argument that Islam plays a central role in the development of the Arabic language. However, at the same time, the evolution of Arabic is also influenced by the social and cultural dynamics of Arab society itself. The interaction between religious elements and social contexts positions Arabic not only as a means of communication but also as a symbol of Islamic civilization.